Micropropagation through In Vitro Tillering from Seed Cultures of the Medicinal Plant Cymbopogon schoenanthus subsp. proximus
Keywords:
Organogenesis, sugars, silver nitrate, sugar alcohols, humic acidAbstract
Cymbopogon schoenanthus subsp. proximus is a wild aromatic herb that produces essential oils and terpenoids of pharmaceutical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. It is becoming endangered as a result of over collection for its multi-uses. Effect of different factors on axillary multiplication and growth from seed cultures in vitro were studied. Those included benzyl adenine concentrations, different sugar types, sugar alcohol types and concentrations and different silver nitrate concentrations. Among different concentrations of benzyl adenine used, 7 mg/l produced the highest number of shoots (27.0±4.5 shoots/explant), fresh weight and dry weight. Maltose, glucose and sucrose gave significantly higher shoot numbers and fresh weight than fructose, lactose and galactose.  Addition of sorbitol in concentrations 2.25% in combination with 2.25% of sucrose significantly increased shoot numbers (35.5 ± 5.8 shoots/explant), while different concentrations of mannitol either did not affect or negatively affected biomass production. Silver nitrate at 2 mg/l improved shoots proliferation (33.4±3.7 shoot/explant), fresh weight and dry weights. For rooting, different concentrations of three auxin types used did not induce any rooting. Well develop strong roots were produced only on media containing 6% of glucose or sucrose. Humic acid significantly increased root growth. This study established an efficient, reproducible and rapid protocol for in vitro mass production of the species that can be used in folk medicine, in drug production, and also for ex-situ conservation.
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