Application of Poly(aspartic acid) and its Derivatives in Medicine and Pharmacy

Authors

  • Marek Piatkowski Cracow University of Technology Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology Chair of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry
  • Julia Radwan-PragÅ‚owska
  • Konstantin Raclavský

Keywords:

poly(aspartic acid), nanoparticles, biomaterials, drug delivery systems, controlled drug release

Abstract

Poly(aspartic acid) (PASA) is a linear polyamide. Due to its chemical structure this polymer is getting repeatedly more application in medicine and pharmacy. It can be used as a biomaterial in biomimics so does as a component in drug delivery systems and systems of controlled drug release. Because of carboxylic functional groups it is possible to create amphiphilic copolymers that enables preparation of micelles. Poly(aspartic) acid is characterized by biocompability, biodegrabability, biotolerance and not causing pyrogenic effect. PASA has hygroscopic properties and is well soluble in water. It can be obtained by hydrolysis of polysuccinimide, polycondensation of L-aspartic acid or ammonium salt of maleic acid using phosphoric acid as catalyst. It can be also prepared by microwave synthesis without any excipient what enables obtaining polymer which can be directly used in biomedicine. Applications include systems for controlled delivery of cancer drugs which must be modified in advance before being placed into the body where there is a hydrophilic environment. Creating micelles using PASA enables the delivery of hydrophobic drugs directly to the lesion site. It is also possible to obtain larger systems, which allows the encapsulation of biomolecules such as proteins. Poly(aspartic acid) is a good material as a component in theranostics. With its usage quantum dots can be obtained what gives the possibility of imaging cells. When used as a biomaterial in the composite of hydroxyapatite PASA increases the efficiency of bone tissue regeneration. Additionally, it can serve as a material for creating smart hydrogels.

References

S. Roweton, S.J. Huang, G. Swift, “Poly(aspartic acid): Synthesis, biodegradation, and current applicationsâ€, Journal of Environmental Polymer Degradation, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 175-181, 1997.

T. Nakato, A. Kusuno, T. Kakuchi, “Synthesis of Poly(succinimide) by Bulk Polycondensation of L-Aspartic Acid with an Acid Catalystâ€, Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 117–122, 2000.

L.E. Nita, A.P. Chiriac, C.M. Popescu, I. Neamtu, L. Alecu, “Possibilities for poly(aspartic acid) preparation as biodegradable compoundâ€, Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 663 – 666, 2006.

M. Piatkowski, D. Bogdal, B. Ondruschka, “Microwave-assisted synthesis of poly(aspartic acid), Polimery, Vol. 54 No. 7/8, pp. 573-576, 2009.

X.-Q. Wang, Q. Zhang, “pH-sensitive polymeric nanoparticles to improve oral bioavailability of peptide/protein drugs and poorly water-soluble drugsâ€, European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Vol. 82, No. 2, pp. 219–229, 2012.

Y. Lu, K. Park, “Polymeric micelles and alternative nanosized delivery vehicles for poorly soluble drugsâ€, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Vol. 453, No. 1, pp. 198– 214, 2013.

K. Prompruk, T. Govender, S. Zhang, C.D. Xiong, S. Stolnik, “Synthesis of a novel PEG-block-poly(aspartic acid-stat-phenylalanine) copolymer shows potential for formation of a micellar drug carrierâ€, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Vol. 297, No. 1-2, pp. 242–253, 2005.

D.-Y. Zhang, X.-Z. Shen, J.-Y. Wang, L. Dong, Y.-L. Zheng, L.-L. Wu, “Preparation of chitosan-polyaspartic acid-5-fluorouracil nanoparticles and its anti-carcinoma effect on tumor growth in nude miceâ€, World J Gastroenterol., Vol. 14, No. 22, pp. 3554–3562, 2008.

Y. Zheng, W. Yang, Ch. Wang, J. Hu, S. Fu, L. Dong, L. Wu, X. Shen,, “Nanoparticles based on the complex of chitosan and polyaspartic acid sodium salt: Preparation, characterization and the use for 5-fluorouracil deliveryâ€, European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Vol. 67, No. 3, pp. 621–631, 2007.

M. Licciardi, G. Cavallaroa, M. DiStefano, G. Pitarresi, C. Fiorica, G. Giammona, “New self-assembling polyaspartylhydrazide copolymer micelles for anticancer drug deliveryâ€, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Vol. 396, No. 1-2, pp. 219–228, 2010.

N. Sadeghiani, L.S. Barbosa, L.P. Silva, R.B. Azevedo, P.C. Morais, Z.G.M. Lacava, “Genotoxicity and inflammatory investigation in mice treated with magnetite nanoparticles surface coated with polyaspartic acidâ€, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 289, pp. 466–468, 2005.

S. Salmaso, R. Schrepfer, G. Cavallaro, S. Bersani, F. Caboi, G. Giammona, G. Tonon, P. Caliceti, “Supramolecular association of recombinant human growth hormone with hydrophobized polyhydroxyethylaspartamidesâ€, European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Vol. 68, No. 3, pp. 656–666, 2008.

X. Gu, J. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Wang, H. Gao, G. Wu, “Layer-by-layer assembled polyaspartamide nanocapsules for pH-responsive protein deliveryâ€, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, Vol. 108, 205–211, 2013.

Y. Fujita, M. Mie, E. Kobatake, “Construction of nanoscale protein particle using temperature-sensitive elastin-like peptide and polyaspartic acid chainâ€, Biomaterials, Vol. 30, No. 20, pp. 3450–3457, 2009.

M. Du, K.M. Keeling, L. Fan, X. Liu, D.M. Bedwell, “Poly-L-aspartic Acid Enhances and Prolongs Gentamicin-mediated Suppression of the CFTR-G542X Mutation in a Cystic Fibrosis Mouse Modelâ€, J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 284, No. 11, pp. 6885-92, 2009.

K. Miyata, S. Fukushima, N. Nishiyama, Y. Yamasaki, K. Kataoka, “PEG-based block catiomers possessing DNA anchoring and endosomal escaping functions to form polyplex micelles with improved stability and high transfection efficacyâ€, Journal of Controlled Release, Vol. 122, No. 3, pp. 252–260, 2007.

X.B. Dou, Y. Hu, N.N. Zhao, F.J. Xu, “Different types of degradable vectors from low-molecular-weight polycation-functionalized poly(aspartic acid) for efficient gene deliveryâ€, Biomaterials, Vol. 35, No. 9, pp. 3015-3026, 2014.

H. Cheng, Y.-Y. Li, X. Zeng, Y.-X. Sun, X.-Z. Zhang, R.-X. Zhuo, “Protamine sulfate/poly(L-aspartic acid) polyionic complexes self-assembled via electrostatic attractions for combined delivery of drug and geneâ€, Biomaterials, Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 1246–1253, 2009.

H.-Q. Song, X.-B. Dou, R.-Q. Li, B.-R. Yu, N.-N. Zhao, F.-J. Xu, “A general strategy to prepare different types of polysaccharide-graft-poly(aspartic acid) as degradable gene carriersâ€, Acta Biomaterialia, Vol. 12, pp. 156–165, 2015.

S.I. Kim, Ch.M. Son, Y.S. Jeon, J.-H. Kim, “Characterizations of Novel Poly(aspartic acid) Derivatives Conjugated with γ-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) as the Bioactive Moleculeâ€, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., Vol. 30, No. 12, pp. 3025-30, 2009.

R. Xing, F. Zhang, J. Xie, M. Aronova, G. Zhang, N. Guo, X. Huang, X. Sun, G. Liu, L.H. Bryant, A. Bhirde, A. Liang, Y. Hou, R.D. Leapman, S. Sun, X. Chen, “Polyaspartic acid coated manganese oxide nanoparticles for efficient liver MRIâ€, Nanoscale, Vol. 3, No. 12, pp. 4943-4945, 2011.

J. Xie, S. Lee, X. Chen, “Nanoparticle-based theranostic agentsâ€, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Vol. 62, No. 11, pp. 1064–1079, 2010.

H. Mattoussi, G. Palui, H.B. Na, “Luminescent quantum dots as platforms for probing in vitro and in vivo biological processesâ€, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Vol. 64, No. 2, pp. 138–166, 2012.

N.R. Jana, N. Erathodiyil, J. Jiang, J.Y. Ying, “Cysteine-Functionalized Polyaspartic Acid: A Polymer for Coating and Bioconjugation of Nanoparticles and Quantum Dotsâ€, Langmuir, Vol. 26, No. 9, pp. 6503-7, 2010.

R.A. Surmenev, M.A. Surmeneva, A.A. Ivanova, “Significance of calcium phosphate coatings for the enhancement of new bone osteogenesis – A reviewâ€, Acta Biomaterialia, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 557–579, 2014.

Y. Liu, Y.-K. Kim, L. Dai, N. Li, S.O. Khan, D.H. Pashley, F.R. Tay, “Hierarchical and non-hierarchical mineralisation of collagenâ€, Biomaterials, Vol. 32, No. 5, pp. 1291-1300, 2011.

S.-S. Jee, T.T. Thula, L.B. Gower, “Development of bone-like composites via the polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process. Part 1: Influence of polymer molecular weightâ€, Acta Biomaterialia, Vol. 6, No. 9, pp. 3676–3686, 2010.

X. Yang, L. Zhang, X. Chen, G. Yang, L. Zhang, C. Gao, H. Yang, Z. Gou, “Trace element-incorporating octacalcium phosphate porous beads via polypeptide-assisted nanocrystal self-assembly for potential applications in osteogenesisâ€, Acta Biomaterialia, Vol. 8, pp. 1586–1596, 2012.

S. Gupta, M. Hunter, P. Cebe, J.M. Levitt, D.L. Kaplan, I. Georgakoudi, “Non-invasive optical characterization of biomaterial mineralizationâ€, Biomaterials, Vol. 29, No. 15, pp. 2359-2369, 2008.

X. Jiang, J. Zhao, S. Wang, X. Sun, X. Zhang, J. Chen, D.L. Kaplan, Z. Zhang, “Mandibular repair in rats with premineralized silk scaffolds and BMP-2-modified bMSCsâ€, Biomaterials, Vol. 30, No. 27, pp. 4522–4532, 2009.

M. Zrinyi, T. Gyenes, D. Juriga, J.-H. Kim, “Volume change of double cross-linked poly(aspartic acid) hydrogels induced by cleavage of one of the crosslinksâ€, Acta Biomaterialia, Vol. 9, pp. 5122–5131, 2013.

Downloads

Published

2015-10-30

How to Cite

Piatkowski, M., Radwan-Pragłowska, J., & Raclavský, K. (2015). Application of Poly(aspartic acid) and its Derivatives in Medicine and Pharmacy. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 3(5). Retrieved from https://ajouronline.com/index.php/AJAS/article/view/2901

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 5 (2015): October 2015

Section

Articles

License

  • Papers must be submitted on the understanding that they have not been published elsewhere (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis) and are not currently under consideration by another journal published by any other publisher.
  • It is also the authors responsibility to ensure that the articles emanating from a particular source are submitted with the necessary approval.
  • The authors warrant that the paper is original and that he/she is the author of the paper, except for material that is clearly identified as to its original source, with permission notices from the copyright owners where required.
  • The authors ensure that all the references carefully and they are accurate in the text as well as in the list of references (and vice versa).
  • Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
  • The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author.