Nutrient Adsorption from Aqueous Solution and Wastewater by Activated Dead Biomass of a Non-Edible Mushroom (Trametes versicolor)
Keywords:
Trametes versicolor, nutrient adsorption, wastewater, aqueous solutionAbstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the nutrient adsorption potential of activated carbonated dead biomass of a non-edible mushroom (Trametes versicolor) in aqueous solution and wastewater.  The study was carried out in batches by investigating the effects of contact time, temperature and pH on phosphate, sulphate and nitrate adsorption by the Trametes. The results revealed that at the end of the 6 h contact period with the activated Trametes, phosphate concentration in the aqeuous solution was observed to increase from an initial concentration of 362.19 mg/L to 405.96 mg/L while nitrate concentrations at the different contact hours were observed to be lower than what was obatined at the initial. A lowest decrease in nitrate concentration from 627.38 mg/L to 91.53 mg/L was observed after the 5 h contact period before there was an increase to 141.30 mg/L after 6 h contact time. In the wastewater, after the 6 h contact period with the activated Trametes, the final concentration of phosphate was recorded as 200.00 mg/L from an initial concentration of 261.45 mg/L. In the case of sulphate, no decreases in concentration were observed in the wastewater in the presence of the Trametes throughout the period of contact. At the different temperatures used for investigation, phosphate levels in the aqueous solution containing the Trametes were not observed to show any remarkable decreases. With respect to sulphate in the aqueous solution at the different temperatures, concentrations in the experimental setups were observed to range from 728.74 mg/L to 1305.75 mg/L.The highest and lowest sulphate concentration were observed at 40 °C (1305.75 mg/L) and 50 °C (728.74 mg/L), respectively. The lowest and highest decreases in nitrate levels were observed at 30 °C and 50 °C, respectively. At 40 oC, phosphate concentration increased from 330.12 mg/L in the control setup to 370.28 mg/L in the setup with the Trametes. For sulphate levels at the different temperatures, remarkable increases in concentrations were observed at all the temperatures investigated in the setups with the Trametes, no decrease in nitrate concentration was observed in presence of the Trametes at the different temperatures investigated. A highest phosphate increase from 539.36 mg/L in the control to 634.94 mg/L in presence of the Trametes was observed at pH 4. In the case of sulphate, decreases in concentrations were observed in presence of the Trametes at the different pH investigated. A remarkable decrease from 1587.93 mg/L to 686.21 mg/L was observed at pH 8. The study was able to reveal the optimum conditions for nutrient adsorption from water by the activated dead biomass of the Trametes versicolor.
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