Kinetic Study of Free Fatty Acid Adsorption Using Adsorbent in Sardine (Sardinella sp.) Oil Refining
Keywords:
adsorption, free fatty acid, kinetics model, purification, pseudo-second order, sardine oilAbstract
In Fish oil can be produced from fish meal industry by-products, but its fish oil has uninteresting color and high free fatty acids content so it needs to be purified. This study aimed to determine fatty acid profile of sardine oil, to determine free fatty acid adsorption kinetics model, and to determine sardine oil clarity after purification. Pseudo second order (k2) of attapulgite, bentonite, and chitosan treatment was 0.0344 g mg-1min-1, 0.0222 g mg-1min-1, and 0.0460 g mg-1min-1, respectively. The equilibrum adsorption capacity (qs) of attapulgite, bentonite, and chitosan treatment was 56.53 mg/gram, 42.40 mg/gram, and 47.11 mg/gram. The external film mass-transfer coefficient (KsA) was 0.0018 mL/s for attapulgite treatment, 0.0015 mL/s for chitosan treatment, and 0.0013 mL/s for bentonite treatment. The intraparticular diffusion coefficient (Kw) was 0.1542 mg mL-1 min-0.5 for attalpugite treatment, 0.1285 mg mL-1 min-0.5 for chitosan treatment, and 0.1156 mg mL-1 min-0.5 for bentonite treatment. Clarity for all treated fish oil increase with the increasing of adsorption time, and the equilibrum point has been reached at 60 minutes. Results indicated that attapulgite was the best adsorbent than chitosan and bentonite for free fatty acid removal from sardine oil.
Â
Â
References
Ahmadi K., Mushollaeni W., “Chemical Activation of Natural Zeolite for Fish Oil Refining which Obtained from Fishmeal Processing Industry with Lemuru (Sardinella ongiceps) as Raw Materialâ€, Indonesial Agriculture Technology, vol. 8, no. 2, pp 71-79, 2007
Alkio M., Gonzales C., Jantti M., Aaltonen O., “Purification of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Esters from Tuna Oil with Supercritical Fluid Chromatographyâ€, Journal of American Oil Chemist Society, vol. 77, no. 3, pp 315-321, 2000
[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Official Methods of Analysis of The Association of Official Analytical Chemist, AOAC Int, Washington, 1995
[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Official Method of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical of Chemist, Association of Analytical Chemist, inc, Virginia, 2005
[AOCS] American Oil Chemists' Society, Free Fatty Acids In: Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the American Oil Chemists Society, Vol 5a. 5th ed, AOCS Press, Champaign, 1998
Bulut E., Ozacar M., Sengil A.I., Adsorption of Malachite Green onto Bentonite : Equilibrium and Kinetics Studies and Process Design, Microsporous and Mesoporous Materials, vol. 115, pp 234-256, 2008
Edward F., the health benefits of omega 3, 6, 9 fatty acids and EPA & DHA, http://globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/, Accessed in Sep 8th 2013, 2013
Estiasih T., Fish Oil : Technology and Its Application for Food and Healthy, Graha Ilmu, Yogyakarta, 2009
Gerstl Z., Yaron B., “Stability of Parathion on Attapulgite as Affected by Structural and Hydration Changesâ€, Clay and Clay Minerals, vol. 29, pp 53-59, 1981
Hjaltason B., Epax A.S., Haraldsson G.G., “Fish oil and lipids from marine sourcesâ€, In: Modifying Lipids for Use in Food, Frank D. Gunstone, ed, Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, 2006
Ho Y.S., “Review of Second-Order Models for Adsorption Systemsâ€, Journal of Hazard Material, vol. 136, pp 681–689, 2006
Ho Y.S., McKay G., “Kinetic Models for The Sorption of Dye from Aqueous Solution by Woodâ€, Trans Institution of Chemical Engineers, vol. 76, pp 183–191, 1998
Huang J., Liu Y., Liu Y., Wang X., “Effects of Attapulgite Pore Size Distribution on Soybean Oil Bleachingâ€, Journal of American Oil Chemist Society, vol. 84, pp 687-692, 2007
Kadirvelu K., Faur-Brasquet C., Le Cloirec P., “Removal of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Ni(II) by Adsorption onto Activated Carbon Clothsâ€, Langmuir, vol. 16, no. 8404–8409, 2000
Mittal A., Kurup L., Mittal K., “Freundlich and Langmuir Adsorption Isotherms and Kinetics for the Removal of Tartrazine from Aqueous Solutions using Hen Feathersâ€, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 146, pp 243–248, 2007
Sathivel S., Prinyawiwatkul W., “Adsorption of FFA in Crude Catfish Oil onto Chitosan, Activated Carbon and Activated Earth: a Kinetics Studyâ€, Journal of American Oil Chemist Society, vol. 81, no. 4, pp 493-496, 2004
Sathivel S., Yin H., Bechtel P.J., “Purification of marine fish oils using pilot scale adsorption columnâ€, In Proceeding of International Conference of Agricultural Engineering, 2012
Suseno S.H., Tajul A.Y., Wan Nadiah W.A., “Improving The Quality of Lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) Oil using Magnesol XL Filter Aidâ€, International Food Research Journal, vol. 18, pp 255-264, 2011
Toro V.J.F., Mendez M.G., “Competitive adsorption among sesame oil components in a concentratedmiscella systemâ€, Journal of American Oil Chemist Society, vol. 72, pp 675–679, 1995
Zhu Z.Y., Yates R.A., Caldwell J.D., “The Determination of Active Filter Aid Adsorption Sites by Temperature-Programmed Desorptionâ€, Journal of American Oil Chemist Society, vol. 71, pp 189-194, 1994.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright © The Author(s). This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
