Integrated Control of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus)
Keywords:
Purple and yellow nutsedges, herbicides, tuber sprouting, clear polyethylene mulchAbstract
Purple and yellow nutsedges are among the ten hard to kill perennial weeds with very rapid growth and prolific numbers, most of them remain dormant in the soil and sprout through long periods. Unfortunately, the most effective herbicides against these two sedges can control only the germinated plants without any side effect against tubers either dormant or sprouting. In other words it is important to spray again the new sprouting plants grown above soil several time with very high expensive, and become impossible to done. The aim of this work was to test same growth promoting substances through laboratory experiment which indicated that Kinetin (0.5ppm) increased tuber sprouting by 85% and 82% for purple and yellow nutsedge, respectively. Indol-butyric acid (1ppm) was very effective toward purple (83% activate) while thiourea at 2% concentration was the most activator to yellow nutsedge (87.5% activation). The two experiments were conducted in greenhouse in sandy and clay soil and repented at two succeeding season 2013 and 2014, using pre and post emergence herbicides. Propyzamide (1L. /Fadden) was the most effective pre emergence herbicides in particular in sandy soil and to lesser extend in clay soil. With post emergence herbicides, glyphosate + non ionic surfactant (NIS) and Halosulferon + NIS were the most effective herbicides whatever the soil type. Two filed experiments were carried out in the first one showed the import of using solar energy as the most economic method to enhance and activate the sprouting of tubers of the two nutsedges, using clear polyethylene mulch with thickness 60 micron, the activation reached to 616% in case of purple nutsedge and 357% for yellow nutsedge. The second experiment in field concerning integrated control of both nutsedges and gave excellent solution for controlling nutsedges. The best results was obtained when cover the soil with clear mulch 60 micron for 10 days then sprayed the vegetative growth of both purple and yellow nutsedge with glyphosate(Baron)+Top film, after 50 days of spray this treatment gave 95 and 89% control of yellow and purple nutsedge, respectively. Keywords: Purple and yellow nutsedges, herbicides, tuber sprouting, clear polyethylene mulchReferences
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