Exploration of the Impact of National Culture on Leaders – Members Exchange on Job Satisfaction

Authors

  • Yi-Chang Chen
  • Ya-Shan Chuang
  • Chin-Chiuan Lin

Keywords:

Taiwan, national culture, leader-member exchange, job satisfactionTaiwan, job satisfaction

Abstract

The present study investigated the effects of leader-member exchange and national culture on job satisfaction of cross-nation construction workers. Furthermore, national culture was treated as a moderator in effect of leader-member exchange on job satisfaction. By conducted a questionnaire survey which including 199 participants from three nationalities (Taiwan, Thailand and Indonesia). Results indicated that the leader-member exchange had significantly affected on job satisfaction. The national culture also had significantly affected on job satisfaction except collectivism. Furthermore, power distance, collectivism and long-term orientation had significant negative moderating effects in effect of leader-member exchange on extrinsic satisfaction. Besides, practical implications were also proposed.

References

Aiken, L. S. and West, S. G. Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. Newbury Park: Sage, 1991.

Aydogdu, S. and Asikgil, B. “An Empirical Study of the Relationship Among Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intentionâ€, International Review of Management and Marketing 1(3), 43-53, 2011.

Barkema, H. G., Chen, X. P, George, G., Luo, Y. and Tsui, A. S. “West meets east: new concepts and theoriesâ€, Academy of Management Journal 58(2), 460-479, 2015.

Chen, Y. C. “The relationship between money ethics, job satisfaction and organizational commitment: a study of Thai workers in Taiwanâ€, Actual Problem of Economics 142(4), 523-533, 2013.

Chen, Y. F. and Tjosvold, D. “Cross-cultural leadership: Goal interdependence and leader–member relations in foreign ventures in Chinaâ€, Journal of International Management 11(3), 417-439, 2005.

Chuang, A., Hsu, R. S. Wang, A.-C. Judge, T. A. “Does west “fit†with east? In search of a Chinese model of person-environment fitâ€, Academy of Management Journal 58(2), 480-510, 2015.

Cole, B. M. “Lessons from a martial arts dojo: a prolonged process model of high-context communicationâ€, Academy of Management Journal 58(2), 567-591, 2015.

Denso, H. “Construction workers’ satisfaction with work provision requirement dimensions in Ghana’s construction industryâ€, International Journal of Engineering and Technology 2(9), 1613-1619, 2012.

Epitropaki, O. and Martin, R. “The impact of relational demography on the quality of leader–member exchanges and employees’ work attitudes and wellbeingâ€, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 72, 237-240, 1999.

Epitropaki, O. and Martin, R. “From ideal to real: A longitudinal study of the role of implicit leadership theories on leader–member exchanges and employee outcomesâ€, Journal of Applied Psychology 90, 659-676, 2005.

Eskildsen, J., Kristensen, K. and Antvor, H. G. “The relationship between job satisfaction and national cultureâ€, The TQM Journal 22(4), 369-378, 2010.

Farh, J. L., Dobbins, G. H. and Cheng, B. S. “Cultural relativity in action: a comparison of self-ratings made by Chinese and US workersâ€, Personnel Psychology 44, 129-147, 1991.

Gerstner, C. R. and Day, D. V. “Meta-analytic review of leader–member exchange theory: correlates and construct issuesâ€, Journal of Applied Psychology 82, 827-844, 1997.

Graen, G. B. and Uhl-Bien, M. “Relationship-based approach to leadership: development of Leader–Member Exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years: applying a multi-level, multi-domain perspectiveâ€, Leadership Quarterly 6(2), 219-247, 1995.

Hofstede, G. “Motivation, leadership and organization: do American theories apply abroad?â€, Organizational Dynamics 9(1), 42-63, 1980.

Hofstede, G., Culture's Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations across Nations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001.

Hofstede, G. and Bond, M. H. “Hofstede's culture dimensions: an independent validation using Rokeach's value surveyâ€, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 15(4), 417-433, 1984.

Hofstede, G. and Bond, M., Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. Berverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1988.

Hofstede, G. and Hofstede, G. J., Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005.

Hosseini, M. R., Chileshe, N. and Zillante, G. “Investigating the factors associated with job satisfaction of construction workers in South Australiaâ€, Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building 14(3), 1-17, 2014.

Hsiao, J. M. and Chen, Y. C. “Antecedents and consequently of job satisfaction: a case of automobile component manufacturer in Taiwanâ€, International Journal of Organizational Innovation 5(2), 164-178, 2012.

Huang, X. and Van De Vliert, E. “Where intrinsic job satisfaction fails to work: national moderators of intrinsic motivationâ€, Journal of Organizational Behavior 24, 159-179, 2003.

Lingard, H. and Francis, V. “The work-life experiences of office and site-based employees in the Australian construction industryâ€, Construction Management and Economics 22, 991-1002, 2004.

Judge, T. A. and Bono, J. E. “Relationship of core self-evaluations traits--self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability-with job satisfaction and job performance: a meta-analysisâ€, Journal of Psychology 86(1), 80-92, 2001.

Kaasa, A. (2011) Work values in European countries: empirical evidence and explanations. Reviews of International Comparative Management 12, 852-862, 2013.

Kaba, B. and Osei-Bryson, K. M. “Examining influence of national culture on individuals’ attitude and use of information and communication technology: assessment of moderating effect of culture through cross countries studyâ€, International Journal of Information Management 33(3), 441-452.

Katrinli, A., Atabay, G., Gunay, G. and Cangarli, B. G. “Perception of organizational politics and LMX: Linkages in distributive justice and job satisfactionâ€, African Journal of Business Management 4(14), 3110-3121, 2010.

Kraimer, M. L., Wayne, S. J. and Jaworski, R. A. (2001) Sources of support and expatriate performance: the mediating role of expatriate adjustment. Personnel Psychology 54, 71-99.

Leigh, J. H., Lucas, G. H. and Woodman, R. W. “Effects of perceived organizational factors on role stress-job attitude relationshipsâ€, Journal of Management 14, 41-58, 1988.

Liden, R. C., Sparrowe, R. T. and Wayne, S. J. “Leader-member exchange theory: the past and potential for the futureâ€, Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management 15, 47-119, 1997.

Lin, C. P., Chang, S. S. and Chu, C. S. “A causal model of job satisfaction under two different culturesâ€, Asia Pacific Management Review 8(1), 71-98, 2003.

Locke, E. A., The nature and causes of job satisfaction. in M. D. Dunnette (ed.) Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Illinois: Rand-McNally, 1297-1349, 1976.

Martin, R., Thomas, G., Charles, K., Epitropaki, O. and McNamara, R. “The role of leader–member exchanges in mediating the relationship between locus of control and work reactionsâ€, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 78, 141-147, 2005.

Marzuki, P. F, Permadi, H. and Sunaryo, I. “Factors affecting job satisfaction of workers in Indonesian construction companiesâ€, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 18(3), 299-309, 2012.

Moon, D. G. “Concepts of culture: implications for intercultural communication researchâ€, Communication Quarterly 44(1), 70-81, 1996.

Ng, T. W. H, Sorensen, K. L. and Yim, F. H. K. “Does the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance depend on culture?â€, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 40(5), 761-796, 2009.

Peng, L. S. and Yuquan, S. “An exploratory study of Hofstede’s cross-cultural dimensions in construction projectsâ€, Management Decision 40(1), 7-16, 2002.

Pichler, F. and Wallace, C. (2009) What are the reasons for differences in job satisfaction across Europe? Individual, compositional, and institutional explanation. European Sociological Review 25, 535-549.

Platis, Ch., Reklitis, P. and Zimeras, S. “Relation between job satisfaction and job performance in healthcare servicesâ€, Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences 175, 480-487, 2015.

Rockstuhl, T., Dulebohn, J. H., Ang, S. and Shore, L. M. “Leader-member exchange (LMX) and culture: a meta-analysis of correlates of LMX across 23 countriesâ€, Journal of Applied Psychology 97(6), 1097-1130, 2012.

Shields, M. A. and Price, S. W. “Racial Harassment, Job Satisfaction and Intentions to Quit: Evidence from the British Nursing Professionâ€, Economica 69, 295-326, 2002.

Å kerlavaj, M., Su, C. and Huang, M. “The moderating effects of national culture on the development of organizational learning culture: a multilevel study across seven countriesâ€, Journal for East European Management Studies 18(1), 97-134, 2013.

Sledge, S., Miles, A. K. and van Sambeek, M. F. “A comparison of employee job satisfaction in the service industry: do cultural and spirituality influences matter?â€, Journal of Management Policy and Practice 12(4), 126-145, 2011.

Sousa-Poza, A. and Sousa-Poza, A. “Well-being at work: A cross-national analysis of the levels and determinants of job satisfactionâ€, Journal of Socio-Economics 29, 517-538, 2000.

Spector, P. E., Cooper, C. L., Sanchez, J. I., O’Driscoll, M., Sparks, K. and Bernin, P. “Do national levels of individualism and internal locus of control relate to well-being: An ecological level international studyâ€, Journal of Organizational Behavior 22, 815-832, 2001.

Tierney, P., Farmer, S. and Graen, G. “An examination of leadership and employee creativity: The relevance of traits and relationshipsâ€, Personnel Psychology 52, 591-620, 1999.

Tse, H. M. and Ashkanasy, N.M., The role of affect in vertical and lateral exchange work relationships in teams. in N. M. Ashkanasy and C. Cooper (eds.) Research companion to emotions in organizations. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 499-511, 2008.

van Oudenhoven J. P. (2001) Do organizations reflect national cultures? A 10-nation study. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 25(1), 89-107.

Volmer, J., Niessen, C., Spurk, D., Linz, A. and Able, A. E. “Reciprocal relationships between leader-member exchange (LMX) and job satisfaction: a cross-lagged analysisâ€, Applied Psychology: An International Review 60(4), 522-545, 2011.

Wernimont, P. F. “Intrinsic and extrinsic factors in job satisfactionâ€, Journal of Applied Psychology 50(1), 41-50, 1966.

Williamson, J. M., Pemberton, A. E. and Lounsbury, J. W. “An investigation of career and job satisfaction in relation to personality traits of information professionalsâ€, Library Quarterly 75, 122-141, 2005.

Weiss, D. J., Dawis, R. V. England, G. W. and Lofquist, L. H., Manual for the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Vol. 22, Minnesota Studies in Vocational Rehabilitation, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, Industrial Relations Center, 1967.

Yetim, N., and Yetim, U. “The cultural orientations of entrepreneurs and employees’ job satisfaction: The Turkish small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) caseâ€, Social Indicators Research 77, 257-286, 2006.

Yoo, B., Donthu, N. and Lenartowicz, T. “Measuring Hofstede’s five dimensions of cultural values at the individual level: development and validation of CVSCALEâ€, Journal of International Consumer Marketing 23, 193-210, 2011.

Downloads

Published

2018-04-25

How to Cite

Chen, Y.-C., Chuang, Y.-S., & Lin, C.-C. (2018). Exploration of the Impact of National Culture on Leaders – Members Exchange on Job Satisfaction. Asian Journal of Business and Management, 6(2). Retrieved from https://ajouronline.com/index.php/AJBM/article/view/5277

Issue

Section

Articles