Patogenicity of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis </i>which Isolated from Tidal Ecosystem against Diamond Backmoth Larvae, <i>Plutella xylostella</i> Linn

Authors

  • Akhmad Gazali Arsan Lambung Mangkurat University
  • Achmad Jaelani, Ilhamiyah

Keywords:

Pathogenicity, Bacillus thuringiensis, Tidal ecosystem, Plutella xylostella

Abstract

The purpose of this research was 1) the exploration of Bacillus thuringiensis in soil, water, and organic matter contained in the tidal area of the South Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan; 2) Comparing the pathogenicity among isolates of B. thuringiensis were found against Plutella xylostella larvae; 3) To test the effectiveness of the highest pathogenicity B. thuringiensis isolates from isolates of exploration results against P. xylostella larvae. Soil samples taken from six areas of land in tidal area of the Barito Kuala, Banjarmasin, Banjar district, Province South Kalimantan, Pulang Pisau and Kapuas of Central Kalimantan Province. Isolation of bacteria and pathogenicity tests conducted in the the laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases Department of the Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. Research carried out for 8 months. Pathogenicity carried out by determining the level of LC50 value from each B. thuringiensis were found by probit analysis. Efficacy Test of B. thuringiensis implemented using completely randomized design, which consists of 5 treatments and 4 replicates ie a) 2 cc suspension of Bacillus thuringiensis/ l water; b) 3 cc suspension of Bacillus thuringiensis/l water; c) 4 cc suspension of Bacillus thuringiensis/ l water; d) Application of klorfluazuron insecticide, the trade name Atabron with a concentration of 2 cc / l water; e) Applied with water. Differences between treatment effect is determined by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The final conclusion is that: a) Results of exploration was found 11 (eleven) isolates of B. thuringiensis in the areas of tidal ecosystems; b) The higher the concentration of cells of B. thuringiensis more larvae of P. xylostella were dead; b) the high pathogenicity of B. thuringiensis isolates obtained on isolated from drains ecosystems (sewers) on forest with LC50 values of 2.41 x 107 cells / ml of water; d) The concentration of B. thuringiensis the most effective in reducing leaf damage is 4 cc / l.

Keywords---Pathogenicity, Bacillus thuringiensis, Tidal ecosystem, Plutella xylostella

Author Biography

Akhmad Gazali Arsan, Lambung Mangkurat University

Plant Protection department

References

Bukhari D.A., Shakoori A. R. 2010. Isolation and molecular characterization of cry4 harbouring Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from Pakistan and mosquitocidal activity of their spores and total proteins. Pak J Zool 42: 1-15.

Damo, M. A. M., 1990. Isolation and screening of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner against the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Thesis. University of Philippines, Los Banos.

Don-Fronk, W. 1971. Vegetable crop insect. Pp. 375-402. In. R. E. Pfadt (ed.) Fundamental of applied entomology. Mac Millan Publishing Co., Inc., New York.

Gazali, A. 2003. Exploration and augmentation of natural enemies of pests, Plutella xylostella Linn. (Lepidoptera; Plutellidae) in lowland mustard, Brassica juncea L. Dissertation. Postgraduate Program of Brawijaya University. Malang.

Gazali, A., Rachmadi H.T., dan Ridwan. 1999. Pathogenicity of Bacillus thuringiensis Berl. Isolated from forest land in the district of Hulu Sungai Tengah against caterpillars Plutella xylostella Linn. J. Entomol. Kalimantan: 1 (1). Pp. 13-19.

Ibarra JE, del Rincón MC, Ordúz S, Noriega D, Benintende G, Monnerat R, Regis L, de Oliveira CMF, Lanz H, Rodrigues MH, Sánchez J, Pena G, Bravo A. 2003. Diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains from Latin America with insecticidal activity against different mosquito species. Appl Environ Microbiol 69: 5269-5274.

Martin, P.A.W. & Travers, RS. 1989. Worldwide abundance and distribution of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates. Appl Environ Microbiol 55: 2437-2442.

Ohba M., Wasano N., Mizuki E. 2000. Bacillus thuringiensis soil populations naturally occurring in the Ryukyus, a subtropic region of Japan. Microbiol Res 155: 17-22.

Park HW, Hayes SR, Mangum CM (2008) Distribution of mosquitocidal Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus from sediment samples in Florida. J Asia-Pac Entomol 11: 217-220.

Poinar, Jr. G. O., and G. M. Thomas. 2012. Laboratory guide to insect pathogens and parasites. Plenum Press. New York, and London. 408 p.

Quesada-Morage E, García-Tóvar E, Valverde-García P, Santiago-Ãlvarez C. 2004 Isolation, geographical diversity and insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis from soils in Spain. Microbiol Res 159: 59-71.

Raymond B., Johnston P. R., Nielsen-LeRoux C., Lereclus D., Crickmore N. 2010. Bacillus thuringiensis: an important pathogen? Trends Microbiol 18: 189-194.

Simpati, I. K. 1985. Bactospein efficacy to control of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella Linn. (Plutellidae) and Crocidolomia binotalis Zell. (Pyralidae). Thesis. KPK program of UGM-UNIBRAW. Malang.

Travers, R. S., Martin, P. A. W. and Reicheldereer, C. F. (1987). Selective Process for Efficient Isolation of Soil Bacillus spp.. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 53 (6): 1263-1266.

Vilas-Bôas GT, Peruca APS, Arantes OMN. 2007. Biology and taxonomy of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus thuringiensis. Can J Microbiol 53: 673-687.

Downloads

Published

2015-06-24

How to Cite

Arsan, A. G., & Ilhamiyah, A. J. (2015). Patogenicity of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis </i>which Isolated from Tidal Ecosystem against Diamond Backmoth Larvae, <i>Plutella xylostella</i> Linn. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 3(3). Retrieved from https://ajouronline.com/index.php/AJAS/article/view/2721

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 3 (2015): June 2015

Section

Articles

License

  • Papers must be submitted on the understanding that they have not been published elsewhere (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis) and are not currently under consideration by another journal published by any other publisher.
  • It is also the authors responsibility to ensure that the articles emanating from a particular source are submitted with the necessary approval.
  • The authors warrant that the paper is original and that he/she is the author of the paper, except for material that is clearly identified as to its original source, with permission notices from the copyright owners where required.
  • The authors ensure that all the references carefully and they are accurate in the text as well as in the list of references (and vice versa).
  • Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
  • The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author.