The Physical and Geochemical Investigation of Effurun River Sand at Ugbolokposo and Ugbomro, Uvwie-Aladja, western Niger Delta, Nigeria
Keywords:
Effurun River, sand, Ugbolokposo, Ugbomro, industrial specifications, glassmaking, building, construction and industries.Abstract
Fifteen samples of Effurun River sand at Ugbolokposo and Ugbomro were subjected to physical and geochemical investigation. Generally, the sand physically characterized by bright colours of white, brown and yellow. Some samples contained dark specks of organic matter. The physical grade size distribution is 1.00mm (1.40%), 0.600mm (3.40%, 0.500mm (3.80%), 0.300mm (29.60%0), 0.180mm (34.80%), 0.150mm (12.00%), 0.106mm (11.00%) and <0.106 (3.20%), sharp angular to sub-angular in shape and rounded, poorly sorted and the mean moisture content is (3.5%). From the distribution, the sand is generally of medium grade size. Geochemically by X-ray fluorescence analysis, the oxide content is SiO2 (97.80%), CaO (0.14%), Al2O3 (1.17%), Fe2O3 (0.05%), TiO2 (0.05%), Na2O (0.06%), K2O (0.45%), and L.O.I (0.25%). The physical and geochemical properties results indicate that the sand is a good material for direct use in coloured glass making, and in the building and construction industries. On beneficiation or processing, the sand can be used for general colourless glassware manufacture.
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