The Behavior of Sea Cucumber Phyllophorus sp. during the Period of Adaptation
Keywords:
Phyllophorus sp., behavior, sea cucumber, survival rateAbstract
Study on behavior of sea cucumber Phylloporus sp. is the first conducted in Indonesia. The fulfillment of local needs on sea cucumbers Phyllophorus sp were still depends mostly on the catch by local fisherman, so that the Efforts to improve the cultivation of sea cucumbers are important to examine that the cultivation of cucumbers can be started with the adaptation of sea cucumbers in advance. One of the factors influence the success of sea cucumber aquaculture is the success of its adaptation to a new habitat or environment. One of the adaptations required concerns with the depth of the water habitat of sea cucumber. The mud was needed as a substrate to immerse. This study aims to monitor the behavior of sea cucumber rates on varied depth of water and the survival rate of sea cucumbers in each depth. The method used is an experiment with completely randomized design as the experimental design. The treatments use different water depths, the which are 10, 20, 30 and 40 cm, and each treatment repeated 5 times with long maintenance for 30 days .. for how long time period? The behaviors of sea cucumbers during the study were Analyzed using descriptive and statistical analysis. The results Showed that normal behaviors of sea cucumbers occurred in order: fully exposed and fully half-buried body buried. The abnormal behaviors performed by sea cucumbers ranged from secreting intestine sequentially, then secreting the gonads and tentacles, and producing calcareous ring and slimy skin. The results of the survival rate of sea cucumbers show that the average survival period of sea cucumbers is not significantly different at the water treatment depth of 20, 30 and 40 cm.
References
Winarni, D, D.P, Leksana, and I.B.R. Pidada. 2012. The Effect of Local Sea Cucumber Phyllophorus sp. extract on Limfe Centre Germinal Diameter of Mus musculus was Infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. http://journal.unair.ac.id/filerPDF/Jurnal%20Skripsi%20Dimas.pdf
Darsono, P. 2002. Should Teripang (Holothurians) Protected? Oseana, Volume XXVII, Nomor 3, 2002 : 1-9 ISSN 0216-1877 http://www.oseanografi.lipi.go.id/sites/default/files/oseana_xxvii%283%291-9.pdf
Purwati, P. 2005. Indonesian Sea Cucumber: Species Composition and Fisheries Histiry. Oseana, Volume XXX, Nomor 2, 200:11-18 ISSN 0216-1877 http://www.oseanografi.lipi.go.id/sites/default/files/oseana_xxx%282%2911-18.pdf
Darsono, P., 2009. Pemeliharaan Induk Teripang Pasir Holothuria scabra dalam bak Pemeliharaan. Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia, 35 (2) : 257-271. http://www.oseanografi.lipi.go.id/sites/default/files/oldi_35(2)257-271.pdf
Purcell, S.W., B.F. Blockmans and N.N. Agudo, 2006. Transportation methods for restocking of juvenile sea cucumber, (Holothuria scabra). Aquaculture, 251: 238-244.
Castillo, J. A.2006. Predator Defense Mechanisms in Shallow Water Sea Cucumbers (Holothuroidea). University of California, Berkeley. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/355702bs
Zang, Y., X. Tian., S. Dong., Y.Dong. 2012. Growth, metabolism and immune responses to evisceration and the regeneration of viscera in sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus. Aquaculture 358–359 (2012) 50–60 . http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848612003602#
Adam, N. L. 2001. UV radiation evokes negative phototaxis and covering behavior in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Marine Ecology Progress Series Vol. 213: 87–95, 2001 http://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/213/m213p087.pdf
Wolkenhauer, S.M., 2008. Burying and feeding activity of adult (Holotruhia scabra)(Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) in a controlled environment. SPC Beche de Mer Information Bulletin No. 27, March 2008, pp: 25-28. http://www.spc.int/DigitalLibrary/Doc/FAME/InfoBull/BDM/27/BDM27_25_Wolkenhauer.pdf.
Scott, J.W., 1914. Regeneration, variation and correlation in Thyone. Am. Nat., 48: 280-307.
Holtz, E.H. and B.A. MacDonald, 2009. Feeding behaviour of the sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa) (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) in the laboratory and the field: Relationships between tentacle insertion rate, flow speed and ingestion. Mar. Biol., 156: 1389-1398.
Purcell,S and I, Eeckhaut.2005. An external check for disease and health of hatchery-produced sea cucumbers. Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin #22 – July 2005. http://www.spc.int/DigitalLibrary/Doc/FAME/InfoBull/BDM/22/BDM22_34_Purcell.pdf
Darsono, P. 2007. Teripang (Holothuroidea): Natural Wealth In the biodiversity. Oseana, Volume XXXII, Nomor 2, Tahun 2007 : 1 - 10 ISSN 0216-1877http://www.oseanografi.lipi.go.id/sites/default/files/oseana_xxxii%282%291-10.pdf
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
- Papers must be submitted on the understanding that they have not been published elsewhere (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis) and are not currently under consideration by another journal published by any other publisher.
- It is also the authors responsibility to ensure that the articles emanating from a particular source are submitted with the necessary approval.
- The authors warrant that the paper is original and that he/she is the author of the paper, except for material that is clearly identified as to its original source, with permission notices from the copyright owners where required.
- The authors ensure that all the references carefully and they are accurate in the text as well as in the list of references (and vice versa).
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
- The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author.
