Growth and Yield Response of Soybean under Different Weeding Regimes
Keywords:
Soybean, weeding regime, yield, partial budget and Net benefitAbstract
Studies were conducted during the 2011 cropping season at experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, University for Development studies in the Guinea Savanna agro ecological zone. The objectives of the study were to determine the effect of different weeding regimes on the growth and yield of soybean and also assess the economic feasibility of the weeding regimes. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The treatments were five different weeding regimes which were no weeding, weeding at 3, 6 WAP, weeding at 3, 6, 9 WAP, weeding at 3, 6, 9, 12 WAP and weed free. Data collected included plant height, leaf area, stem girth, pod number and grain yield. Significant differences were observed among treatments on plant height, number of leaves per plant, stem girth, leaf area, number of days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant and grain yield (kg/ha). The mean predominant weed floras at the experimental field were broad leaves (58.62%), sedges (26.93%) and grasses (14.44%). Weeding regime at 3, 6, 9, 12 WAP produced the highest grain yield of 1411 kg/ha. The economic analysis of the treatments also shows that farmers will be better off by adopting 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks after planting weeding regimes. Weeding at 3, 6, 9, 12 WAP is therefore recommended for high soybean yield and income.
Â
References
Awuku, K.A. (1991). Agriculture and Environmental Studies. Rebl. Evans Brothers Ltd. London, 344 pp.
Ayeni, A.O., Oyekan, P.O. (1992). Weed Control in Soybean (Glycine max.) (L.) Merr in Nigeria. Tropical Oil Seed Journal 1: 43-52.
Barrentine, W.L., Oliver, L.R. (1997). Competitive threshold levels and control of common cocklebur in soybeans. Mass Agricultural Experimental Station and Arkansas Agricultural Experimental Station Bull. No. 83, pp 27, McGuire.
Chikoye, D., Steffen, S., Ekeleme, F. (2004). Evaluation of integrated weed management practices for maize in Northern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria. Crop protection 23 (2004), 895-900 pp.
Conner, T., Hamer, E.P., Barbero, A., Johnson, E. (2004). The Challenges and Potential for Future Agronomic Traits in Soybeans. Monsanto Company. AgBioForum, 7(1&2): 47-50.
Dekker, J., Meggit, W.F. (1983). Interference between velvet leaf (Abutilon theophrasti medic.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), Weed Research 23, 91-101.
Doll, J.D. (2003). Dynamics and Complexity of Weed Competition. in Weed Management for Developing Countries. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper, no120 (Add.1).
Dugje I.Y., Omoigui, L.O., Ekeleme, F., Bandyopadhyay, R., Kumar, P.L., Kamara, A.Y. (2009). Farmers Guide to Soybean Production in Northern Nigeria. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria. 21 pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-010-0630-3.
Grichar, W.J., Bessler, B.A., Brewer, K.D. (2004). Effect of row spacing and herbicide dose on weed control and grain sorghum yield. Crop Prot. 23:263–267.
Gupta, O.P. (1998). Weed management: principles and practices. Agro. Botanica. 2-3pp.
Halford, C., Hamill, A.S., Zhang, J., Doucet, C. (2001). Critical period of weed control in no-till soybean and corn. Weed Technology 15:737–744.
Harder, D.B., Sprague, C.L., Renner, K.A. (2007). Effect of soybean row width and population on weed, crop yield, and economic return. Weed Technology 21:744–752.
Haygood, E.S., Bauman, T.T., Williams, J.L., Schreiber, M.M. (1998). Growth Analysis of Soybean (Glycine max) in competition with velvet leaf (Abutilon theophrastic), Weed Science 28: 729-734.
Holshouser, D.L., Whittaker, J.P. (2002). Plant population and row-spacing effects on early soybean production systems in the mid-Atlantic USA. Agron. J. 94:603–611
IITA. (1990). Annual Report of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan Nigeria, 45-47.
Javaheri, F., Baudoin, J.P. (2001). Soybean: In: Raemackers R. H. (Ed). Crop Production in the Tropical Africa. Directorate General for International Co-operation (D.G.I.C). Karelietenstraat 15-Rue des Petits Carmes 15, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium, 809-832 pp.
Kells, J.J., Dalley, C.D., Renner, K.A. (2004). Effect of glyphosate application timing and row spacing on weed growth in corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 18:177–182.
Kwarteng, J.A., Towler, M.J. (1994). West Africa Agriculture. A textbook for schools and colleges. Published by Macmillan Press Ltd. 144-116 pp.
Labrada, R., Caseley, J.C., Parker, C. (1994). Weed management in developing countries.
Food and Agriculture Organization of United Organization, Italy, 5 pp.
Lavabre, E.M. (1991). Weed control. Macmillan Education Ltd, London and Basingstoke, 1 pp.
Nathanael, D.F., Chris, M.B., David, E.S. (2013). Soybean Yield Loss Potential Associated with Early-Season Weed Competition across 64 Site-Years. Weed Science: July-September 2013, Vol. 61, No. 3, pp. 500-507.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/WS-D-12-00164.1
Nice, G.R., Buehring, N.W., Shaw, D.R. (2001). Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) response to shading, soybean (Glycine max) row spacing, and population in three management systems. Weed Technology 15:155–162.
Norris, R.F. (1999). Ecological implications of using thresholds for weed management. p. 31–58. In DD. Buhler (ed.) Expanding the context of weed management. Food Products Press, New York.
http://dx.doi.org/) (verified 17 Jan 2011).
Odeleye, F.O., Odeleye, O.M.O., Dada, O.A. (2007). The performance of soybean (Glycine max (L.) under varying weeding regimes in South Western Nigeria. Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; National Horticultural Research Institute, Jericho, Idi-Ishin, Ibadan; Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria. Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj, 2007 Volume 35, Issue 1, 1842-4309.
Orr, A.B.M., Saiti, D. (2002). Modelling Agricultural ‘Performance’: Smallholder Weed Management in Southern Malawi. International Journal of Pest Management. 48(4):265-278.
Pedersen, P., Lauer, J.G. (2004). Soybean growth and development in various management systems and planting dates. Crop Science 44: 508–515.
Pike, D.R. (1999). Economic Thresholds for Weeds. University of Illinois, Cooperative Extension.
http://web.aces.uiuc.edu/vista/pdf_pubs/ECTHR.PDF.
Reddy, K.N. (2002). Weed control and economic comparisons in soybean planting systems. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 21(2):21–35.
Reddy, K.N., Whiting, K. (2000). Weed control and economic comparisons of Glyphosate resistant, sulfonylurea-tolerant, and conventional soybean (Glycine max) systems. Weed Technology 14:204–211.
SARI. (2004). Annual report for the year 2004. Savannah Agricultural Research Institute, P. O. Box 52, Tamale, Ghana.
SARI. (2008). Annual report for the year 2008. Savannah Agricultural Research Institute, P. O. Box 52, Tamale, Ghana.
Simmonds, N.W., Smartt, J., Millen, S., Spoor, W. (1999). Principles of crop improvement, 2nd edition. Published Longman Group Ltd. Pp 252-256.
Tijani, E.H., Akinnifesi, F.K. (1998). Effect of weeding regimes and crop spacing on the performance of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). University of Ibadan, Department of Agronomy. Weed Science Society of Nigeria 1998. Nigeria Journal of Weed Science, Volume 11: 25-30 pp.
Vangessel, M.J., Schweizer, E.E., Lybecker, D.W., Westra, P. (1995). Compatibility and efficiency of in-row cultivation for weed management in corn (Zea mays). Weed Technology 9:754–760.
Vissoh, P.V., Gbehounou, G., Ahanchede, A., Kuyper, T.W., Roling, N.G. (2004). Weeds as Agricultural Constraint to Farmers in Benin: Results of a Diagnostic Study. NJAS. 52(3/4):305-329.
Dzomeku, I. K., Abualai, M., Brandenburg, R. L., and Jordan (2006) Occurrence of weeds and their management effects on groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea) in the Savannah ecology of Ghana. Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society (in press) [Publication type: PROCEEDINGS] Record 2493
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
- Papers must be submitted on the understanding that they have not been published elsewhere (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis) and are not currently under consideration by another journal published by any other publisher.
- It is also the authors responsibility to ensure that the articles emanating from a particular source are submitted with the necessary approval.
- The authors warrant that the paper is original and that he/she is the author of the paper, except for material that is clearly identified as to its original source, with permission notices from the copyright owners where required.
- The authors ensure that all the references carefully and they are accurate in the text as well as in the list of references (and vice versa).
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
- The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author.
