Probable Organic Fertilizer Production from Olive Mill Solid Waste
Keywords:
Olive-mill solid waste, Compost, Vicia faba, biomass, pigment, nutrient uptakeAbstract
Olive-mill solid waste (OMSW), in spite of its phytotoxicity however it has fertilizer characteristics achieved it as a potential source for organic fertilization. Composting of OMSW treatment process was conducted to eliminate the phytotoxicity and solve the environmental impact of this waste. Recycling of OMSW was carried out via composting of six batches of trials using equal proportions of OMSW, cow manure (C) and wheat straw (W). The treatment process was performed at two time intervals (two and five months), after each one, the recipient species (Vicia faba L.) was planted. The results showed the efficiency of composting in reducing OMSW original toxicity after two months than five months. The germination percentage and the plumule and radicle lengths of V. faba exhibited a significant improvement when the OMSW was composted with C at different proportions before using as soil amendments. The germination percentage was from 85 to 100 %, the plumule length increased to 28.45, 27.11 cm at 10% and 20% C-OMSW. As well, the radicle length was 13.45 cm at 10% C-OMSW.  Besides, the total biomass was noticeably increased at the high concentration of C-OMSW. Similarly, pigment concentration in V. faba was increased by using various composts after two months, where the highest pigment content was observed at 40% W-OMSW treatment with a value of 13.087 mg g-1 fresh wt. .
The maximum uptake of potassium and sodium was recorded through the application of W-OMSW compost to soil after two months. Furthermore, the C-OMSW composts showed the highest concentration of nitrogen, calcium, iron and manganese. The values were 1.465, 0.873, 1.345 and 0.073 mg g-1 dry wt., respectively. However, the C-W-OMSW composts recorded the highest concentration of phosphorous and copper (0.276 and 0.150 mg g-1 dry wt., respectively). Finally, this study developed a low cost treatment that will enable the growers to convert OMSW into a natural nontoxic compost rich with essential nutrients which have positive effects on plants growth.
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