Stratigraphic Review of the Creataceous Tertiary Deposits of the Iullemmeden Basin in Niger and Nigeria
Keywords:
Iullemmeden Basin, Stratigraphic Review, Nigeria, NigerAbstract
The Cretaceous – Tertiary deposits of the Iullemmeden Basin in Niger and Nigeria have been reviewed. The sediments include the continental Tegama Series/Illo-Gundumi group made of fluvio-lacustrine deposits of conglomeratic base with massive, feldspathic clayey grits, pebbly sands and intercalation of nodular clays. They are overlain by the marine Majia/Rima group which consists of shale, marl, limestone and alternating sandstone. The Cretaceous sediments are unconformably overlain by the Tertiary marine Garadoua/Sokoto group which is made of slightly indurated bluish – grey shale, interbedded with limestone. The Continental Terminal Group made of ferruginized red and mottled massive clays with sandstone and lignite intercalations capped the stratigraphic succession. The Cretaceous sediments contain invertebrate fossils like Neolobites Vibrayeanus, Nigericeras, Coilopoceras inflatum and Libycoceras and vertebrate fossils particularly skulls, limb bones, teeth, etc. of crocodiles, dinausors and fishes. The Tertiary fauna is mainly made of bivalves, echinoids (Linthia soudanensis) gastropods, nautilus and foraminifera (Ranikauthalia). Economically, the Cretaceous –Tertiary deposits in both countries supply raw material (clays, limestones and gypsum) for the local cement factories with possibility of coal in near future in Niger Republic where the sediments are thicker.
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