Optimization of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer on Two Years Old of Oil Palm(Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Keywords:
Oil palm, optimization, fertilizer, anorganicAbstract
Fertilization is the one of the important factors to increase the growth of the two years oldof oil palm. Fertilization can increase the availability of nutrient that neededby the plant. The one type of fertilizer that can be used as an alternative to improve soil fertility is single anorganic fertilizer. The purposes of this research were (1) to study the effect of N and P fertilizer on two years old plant of oil palm and (2) to determinethe optimum rate of N and P fertilizer on two years old plant of oil palm. The research were conducted at IPB-Cargill Teaching Farm of Oil Palm, Jonggol, Bogor IndonesiafromAvril2014 to March 2015. This research consisted of twoexperimentation namely: (1) optimization of nitrogen fertilizer rate, and (2) optimization of phosphorus fertilizer rate. Each experimentation consisted of single factor using randomized block design with three replications, there were five levels of nitrogen fertilizer rate (0, 316, 632, 948, 1264 g N plant-1 year-1) , and five levels of phosphorusfertilizer rate (0, 226, 453, 679, 905 g P2O5 plant-1 year-1).The result showed that nitrogen fertilizer increased plant height, number of stomata, stem girth and frond production quadratically. Phosphorus fertilizer increased frond production, stem girth, leaf area of 17th frond,, leaf chlorophyll content, and number of stomata quadratically, but phosphorus fertilizer increased leaf nutrient content linearly. The optimum rate of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer were respectively1007 g N, and 615 g P2O5 plant-1 year-1for two years old of oil palm.
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