Quality of Oleoresinous Wood Varnish Prepared using Resin Synthesized from Tannin Extracted from Stem Bark of Khaya senegalensis
Keywords:
Khaya senegalensis, Oleoresinous varnish, Phenol-formaldehyde resin, Tannin extractAbstract
Phenol is used as a starting material in the preparation of wood varnish. In this work efforts were made to substitute phenol from tannins extracted from the stem bark of Khaya senegalensis to produce wood vanish and assessed its quality. An extract with a Stiasny Number of 87.88 % and extractable phenols of 2.82 mg/kg was used to synthesize a phenol-formaldehyde called tannin-formaldeyde. Properties of this resin were compared with that of phenol-formaldehyde resin synthesized using a commercially available phenol following the same procedure. A yield of 89.82% for phenol-formaldehyde resins showed a good and efficient method of synthesizing the resins. The study indicated that tannin-formaldehyde resins had better solubility in linseed oil than phenol-formaldehyde resin. A dark-brown viscous resole-type phenolic resin was produced from tannin extract as against a yellow viscous resin for commercial phenol. the colour of the Subsequently, unfortified oleoresinous wood varnish (solutions of one or more natural or synthetic resins in a during oil and volatile solvent) of high gloss, good chemical resistance and good drying time paralleling each other were readily prepared from both resins. Varnish made from phenol-formaldehyde and tannin-formaldehyde resins had acid numbers of 9.9 mg KOH/g and 8.6 mg KOH/g varnish respectively: both falling within the 0.2-10.5 range for most satisfactorily commercial varnishes, this implies that tannin-formaldehyde resin is advantageous over phenol-formaldehyde resin since the source of tannins is cheaper and renewable as well as contributes to reduction in land pollution hence its production should be considered.
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