Development Tin-Chromium Pillared in Bentonite as Catalyst for Ethanol to Gasoline Conversion

Authors

  • Robert Ronal Widjaya Universitas of Indonesia and Indonesian Institute of Sciences
  • Ariadne Laksmidevi Juwono
  • Nino Rinaldi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24203/ajas.v7i4.5885

Keywords:

Bi-Oxides, Pillared clays, Sn-Cr/Bentonite, Ethanol to Gasoline

Abstract

Bentonite is a natural material that can used as a buffer catalysts and easy to modified. Tin and Chromium metals can used as catalyst material. Tin and Chromium metals supported into bentonite was successfully prepared by pillarization method, and was calling Bi-Oxides pillared clays. It has used to catalyst for ethanol to gasoline conversion. Basal spacing for bentonite and Sn-Cr/bentonite were 12,83Ǻ and 25,67Ǻ respectively. Specific surface area and pore volume of Sn-Cr/bentonite was investigated and appeared be bigger than bentonite. The results confirmed by BET analysis that were 30,35 m2/g become 168,86 m2/g and pore volume from 0,0065cm3/g become 0,03 cm3/g. The thermal stability was determined by Thermogravimetry Analysis from temperature 0ºC until 1000ºC and the functional group changes detected by Fourier Transform Infra Red. XRF and EDX detected the Sn-Cr metals in the bentonite. The results of the liquid catalyst test analyzed by GC-MS and showed the contents consisted of benzene, toluene, octane, and naphthalene, that were similar with commercial gasoline. So, the Sn and Cr were using as metal pillars for bentonite interlayer and successfully used this Bi-oxides pillared clays for ethanol to gasoline conversion.

 

Keywords— Bi-Oxides, Pillared clays, Sn-Cr/Bentonite, Ethanol to Gasoline.

Author Biography

Robert Ronal Widjaya, Universitas of Indonesia and Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Researcher

Research Center for Chemistry - Indonesian Institute of Sciences

References

Dan Li, Chunshan Li, Kenzi Suzuki, “Catalytic oxidation of VOCs over Al- and Fe-pillared montmorillonite,†Applied Clay Science, vol. 77-78, pp. 56-60, 2013.

Alejandro Perez, Mario Montes, Rafael Molina, Sonia Moreno, “Modified clays as catalysts for the catalytic oxidation of ethanol,†Applied Clay Science, vol. 95, pp. 18-24, 2014.

K. Bahranowski, W. Włodarczyk, E. Wisła-Walsh, A. Gaweł, J. Matusik, A. Klimek, B. Gil, A. Michalik-Zym, R. Dula, R.P. Socha, E.M. Serwicka, “[Ti,Zr]-pillared montmorillonite – A new quality with respect to Ti- and Zr-pillared clays,†Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, vol. 202, pp. 155–164, 2014.

Molina C.B., Casas J.A., Zazo J.A., Rodriguez J.J., “A comparison of Al-Fe and Zr-Fe pillared clays for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation,†Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 118, pp. 29-35, 2006.

Farfan-Torres E.M., Sham E., Grange P., “Pillared Clays: Preparation and Characterization of Zirconium Pillared Montmorillonite,†Catalysis Today, vol. 15, pp. 515-526, 1992.

Bartley G.J.J., “Zirconium Pillared Clays,†Catalysis Today, vol. 2, pp. 233-241, 1988.

Francine Bertella, Sibele B.C., Pergher, “Pillaring of bentonite clay with Al and Co,†Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, vol. 201, pp. 116-123, 2014.

Bulent Caglar, Osman C., Ersin D., Fatih C., Mustafa C., Cihan T., Ahmet T. “Characterization of AlFe-pillared Unye bentonite: A Study of The Surface Acidity and Catalytic Property,†Molecular Structure, vol. 1089, pp. 59-65, 2015.

Carla B. Vidal, André B. dos Santos, Ronaldo F. do Nascimento, Teresa J. Bandosz, “Reactive adsorption of pharmaceuticals on tin oxide pillared montmorillonite: Effect of visible light exposure,†Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 259, pp. 865-875, 2014.

Widjaya R.R., Juwono A.L., Rinaldi N., “Bentonite modification with pillarization method using metal stannum,†in Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Applied Chemistry, AIP Conference Proceedings, Jakarta, Indonesia, pp. 020010-1-20010-8, 2017.

Guifang Wang, Yuyan Hua, Xin Su, Sridhar Komarneni, Shaojian Ma, Yujue Wang, “Cr(VI) adsorption by montmorillonite nanocomposites,†Applied Clay Science, vol. 124-125, pp. 111-118, 2016.

Widjaya R.R., Soegijono B., Rinaldi N., “Characterization of Cr/Bentonit and HZSM-5 Zeolite as Catalysts for Ethanol Conversion to Biogasoline,†Makara Journal of Science, vol. 16/1, pp. 65-70, 2012.

Roger Johansson, Sarah L. Hruby, Jeppe Rass-Hansen, Claus H. Christensen, “The Hydrocarbon Pool in Ethanol-to-Gasoline over HZSM-5 Catalysts,†Catal Lett, vol. 127, pp. 1–6, 2008.

Menglin Ding, Shufeng Zuo, Chenze Qi, “Preparation and characterization of novel composite Al/Cr-pillared clays and preliminary investigation for benzene adsorption,†Applied Clay Science, vol. 115, pp. 9-16, 2015.

Priambodo N.G., “Pemurnian Minyak Nilam Menggunakan Bentonit Teraktivasi Asam Klorida,†Bachelor Thesis. Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2014.

Widihati I.A.G., “Adsorpsi anion Cr(VI) oleh batu pasir teraktivasi asam dan tersalut Fe2O3,†Jurnal Kimia, vol. 2(1), pp. 25-30, 2008.

M.E. Gyftopoulou, M. Millan, A.V. Bridgwater, D. Dugwell, R. Kandiyoti, J.A. Hriljac, “Pillared clays as catalysts for hydrocracking of heavy liquid fuels,†Applied Catalysis A, vol. 282, pp. 205-214, 2005.

M. Sowmiya, Aditya Sharma, Sarang Parsodkar, B.G. Mishra, Amit Dubey, “Nanosized sulfated SnO2 dispersed in the micropores of Al-pillared clay as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of some biologically important molecules,†Applied Catalysis A: General, vol. 333, pp. 272–280, 2007.

Is Fatimah, Narsito, Karna Wijaya, “Effect of Aluminium Content in Aluminium Pillared Montmorillonite on Its Surface Acidity Properties,†ITB Journal Science, vol. 43, pp. 123-138, 2011.

Yan Gao, Wenjie Li, Huimin Sun, Zaihang Zheng, Xuejun Cui, Hongyan Wang, Fanyu Meng, “A facile in situ pillaring method—the synthesis of Al-pillared montmorillonite,†Applied Clay Science, vol. 88-89, pp. 228-232, 2013.

Nisar Ahmad, Syed Tajammul Hussain, Bakhtiar Muhammad, Nisar Ali, Syed Mustansar Abbas, Zulfiqar Ali, “Zr-pillared montmorillonite supported cobalt nanoparticles for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis,†Progress in Natural Science : Material International, vol. 23(4), pp. 374–381, 2013.

Takashi Tsuchida, Tetsuya Yoshioka, Shuji Sakuma, Tatsuya Takeguchi, and Wataru Ueda, “Synthesis of Biogasoline from Ethanol over Hydroxyapatite Catalyst,†American Chemical Society, vol. 10, pp. 10.1021, 2008.

Downloads

Published

2019-08-24

How to Cite

Widjaya, R. R., Juwono, A. L., & Rinaldi, N. (2019). Development Tin-Chromium Pillared in Bentonite as Catalyst for Ethanol to Gasoline Conversion. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.24203/ajas.v7i4.5885

Issue

Section

Articles