Phytosociological Studies of the Southern Sector of Tihahma Hill Slopes of Jazan Region, South West of Saudi Arabia
Keywords:
Phytosociological studies, Arid ecosystems, Desert vegetation, Multivariate analysis, Edaphic factors, Plant communities, Saudi ArabiaAbstract
The present study provides an analysis of quantitative vegetation gradient and the edaphic variables in Tihamah hill slopes of Jazan region. A total of 68 species belonging to 31 families of the vascular plants were recorded from 17 sites. Phanerophyte and chamaephytes were most frequent, denoting a typical desert life form. Classification of the vegetation analyzed using two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) techniques, resulted in estimation of five major community types: Acacia ehrenbergiana Haynem, Anisotes triculcus (Forssk.) DC, Salvadora persica L and Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd communities; Salvadora persica L. Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd and Acacia asak (Forssk.) Willd communities; Acacia ehrenbergiana Haynem, Aerva javanica (Burm.f.) Juss and Indigofera spinosa Forssk communities; Dactyloctenium scindicum Boiss, Schweinfurthia pterosperma Rich and Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne communities and Tamarix nilotica (Ehrenb) Bunge and Dobera glabra (Forssk.) Juss communities. In addition, soil pH, organic carbon, calcium, magnesium, carbonate, moisture content, and chloride are the main operating edaphic factors in this area. The relationship between the vegetation and soil parameters were carried out by techniques of correspondence analysis (DCA). ANOVA program revealed fine sand and silt percentage were the most significant factors affecting the distribution of species and Acacia ehrenbergiana is the most common community in the present work.
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