Isolation and Screening of Different Chitinolytic Mycoflora Isolated from Sudanese Soil for Biological Control of Fusarium oxysporium
Keywords:
Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, chitinase enzyme, biocontrolAbstract
A total of 40 species belonging to 8 genera of fungi were isolated from different agricultural fields in Khartoum and River Nile States during November 2014 to May 2015. The mycoflora were isolated by using soil dilution technique and soil plate technique on Potato Dextrose Agar and Czapek's Dox Agar medium supplemented with chitin and streptomycin. The fungal isolates were screened for the production of chitinase enzyme based on the index of chitinolytic activity. Morphological identification and characterization of the best chitinase producers were carried out with the help of authentic manuals of fungi. Six isolates which recorded high index of chitinolytic activity were selected for biocontrol experiments against Fusarium oxysporium. Identifiction of the mycoflora revealed that all the isolate were belong to the genus Aspergillus (three were Aspergillus niger and the rest three were Aspergillus terreus). All the isolates showed high antagonism against Fusarium oxysporium specially Aspergillus niger isolates SUDA7 and SUDA9 which inhibit the growth completely (100%) at day10 and 12 respectively, SUD8 reduced the growth 85% at day14 . Aspergillus terreus isolates reduced the growth to 63, 85.2 and 89.9% for SUD4, SUD2 and SUD6 in order at day 14.
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