Isolation and Screening of Different Chitinolytic Mycoflora Isolated from Sudanese Soil for Biological Control of <i>Fusarium oxysporium</i>

Authors

  • Elham S. Dawood Nile Valley University
  • Alzaki A. Mohamed

Keywords:

Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, chitinase enzyme, biocontrol

Abstract

A total of 40 species belonging to 8 genera of fungi were isolated from different agricultural fields in Khartoum and River Nile States during November 2014 to May 2015. The mycoflora were isolated by using soil dilution technique and soil plate technique on Potato Dextrose Agar and Czapek's Dox Agar medium supplemented with chitin and streptomycin. The fungal isolates were screened for the production of chitinase enzyme based on the index of chitinolytic activity. Morphological identification and characterization of the best chitinase producers were carried out with the help of authentic manuals of fungi. Six isolates which recorded high index of chitinolytic activity were selected for biocontrol experiments against Fusarium oxysporium. Identifiction of the mycoflora revealed that all the isolate were belong to the genus Aspergillus (three were Aspergillus niger and the rest three were Aspergillus terreus). All the isolates showed high antagonism against Fusarium oxysporium specially Aspergillus niger isolates SUDA7 and SUDA9 which inhibit the growth completely (100%) at day10 and 12 respectively, SUD8 reduced the growth 85% at day14 . Aspergillus terreus isolates reduced the growth to 63, 85.2 and 89.9% for SUD4, SUD2 and SUD6 in order at day 14.

 

Author Biography

Elham S. Dawood, Nile Valley University

Associate professor of microbial biotechnology at department of life science faculty of education nile valley university

References

G. Gaddeyya, P. Shiny, P. Niharika, P. Bharathi and P. K. Ratna Kumar Isolation and identification of soil mycoflora in different crop fields at Salur Mandal. Adv. App. Sci, ResVol. 3 no. 4, pp. 2020-202 , 2012.

A. Asan . Aspergillus, Penicillium and related species from Turkey, Mycotaxon.Vol. 89 pp. 155-157, 2004.

SA. E. Bignell, Aspergillus: molecular biology and genomics. Caister Academic Press, 2010.

MV. Shaikh, S. Deshpande. Chitinolytic enzymes: their contribution to basic and applied research. World J. Microb. Biotech. Vol.9 pp. 463-475,1993.

PA. Felse and T. Panda . Production of microbial–a revisit. Biop.. Eng. Vol. 2 pp. 127-134, 2000.

SL. Wang and WT. Chang. Purification and characterization of an antimicrobial chitinase extracellularly produced by Monascus purpureus CCRC31499 in a shrimp and crab shell powder medium. J. Agri. Food Chem. Vol. 50 pp. 2249-2255, 2002.

E. I. Eziashi, I. B. Omamor and E. E. Odigie. Antagonism of Trichoderma viridae and effects of extracted water soluble compounds from Trichoderma species and benlate solution on ceratocystis paradoxa. Afri. J. Biotech. Vol. 6 no.4 pp. 388 -392, 2007.

F. Adia and S. Taghreed . Production, optimization, characterization of antifungal activity of chitinase produced by Aspergillus terrus. Afri. J. Biotech. Vol. 13 no.14 pp. 1567- 1578, 2014.

J.H. Warcup The origin of colonies of fungi developing on soil dilution plates.Trans. British Myco. Soci. Vol. 38 pp. 298–301, 1955.

S. Ali, -ul-Haq. Ikram,Qadeer., M.A.J. Iqbal. Production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger using cane molasses in a stirred fermentation, E. J. Biotech. Vol. 5 pp. 1-8, 2002.

A.H.S Onions, D. Allsopp, H.O.W. Eggins and Smith’s . Introduction to Industrial Mycology, 7th ed., Edward Arnold, London, 372, 1981.

W.O. Okunowo and L.A., Ogunkanmi . Effects of sodium ion and water hyacinth extract in the production of Curvularia pallescens in culture media, Afri. J. Biochem. Res. Vol. 3 no. 5pp. 238-244, 2009 .

T. Agrawal and A. Kotasthane. A simple medium for screening chitinase activity of Trichoderma spp. Methods of Molecular Identifications and Lab Protocols. (3) Ali, S., Ikram-ul- Haq., Qadeer M.A., Iqbal J.(2002). Production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger using cane molasses in a stirred fermentation, E. J. Biotec. Vol. 5 pp. 1-8, 2009.

J.C., Gilman. A Manual of Soil fungi, 2nd Indian edition, Biotech Books, Delhi, 2001.

IE . Yates, KL. Hiett, DR. Kapczynski , W. Smart, AE. Glenn, DM. Hinton, W. Bacon, R. Meinersmann, S. Liu and A J. Jaworski. Transformation of the maize fungal endophyte Fusarium moniliforme. Mycolog.Res. Vol.103 pp. 129-136, 1999.

S. Eman, S. Abd El-Aziz and El. Mai. Biorecycling of shrimp shell by Trichoderma viride for production of antifungal chitinase. Afri. J. Micro. Res. Vol. 6 no.21 pp. 4538-4545, 2012 .

KM. Ghanem, SM. Al-Garni, and NH. Al-Makishah. Statistical optimization of cultural conditions for chitinase production from fish scales waste by Aspergillus terreus. African Journal of Biotechnology, Vol.9 no.32 pp. 5135-5146, 2010.

F.S. Eman. A potent chitinolytic enzyme activity of Alternaria alternate isolated from Egyptain black sand.Polish J. Micro. Vol. 54 no. 2 pp. 145-151, 2005.

S. B. Maria, and J. Urszula. Production of antifungal chitinase by Aspergillus niger LOCK 62 and its potential role in the biological control. Curr. Micro. Vol. 65 pp. 666– 672, 2012.

Downloads

Additional Files

Published

2015-08-26

How to Cite

Dawood, E. S., & Mohamed, A. A. (2015). Isolation and Screening of Different Chitinolytic Mycoflora Isolated from Sudanese Soil for Biological Control of <i>Fusarium oxysporium</i>. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 3(4). Retrieved from https://ajouronline.com/index.php/AJAFS/article/view/2992

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 4 (2015): August 2015

Section

Articles

License

  • Papers must be submitted on the understanding that they have not been published elsewhere (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis) and are not currently under consideration by another journal published by any other publisher.
  • It is also the authors responsibility to ensure that the articles emanating from a particular source are submitted with the necessary approval.
  • The authors warrant that the paper is original and that he/she is the author of the paper, except for material that is clearly identified as to its original source, with permission notices from the copyright owners where required.
  • The authors ensure that all the references carefully and they are accurate in the text as well as in the list of references (and vice versa).
  • Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
  • The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author.