Allele and Genotype Frequencies of the ABO Blood Group System in a Palestinian Population

Authors

  • Lamia'a S. Saqer Medical Sciences Department-College of Science and Technology, Khan Younis
  • Fadel A. Sharif Islamic University of Gaza

Keywords:

ABO alleles, ABO genotypes, AS-PCR, Palestine

Abstract

The ABO blood group system is one of the most important blood type in clinical practice. Currently, there is no information on the ABO genotype and allele frequency from Gaza strip. Data from this study will be useful for workers and the field and for future clinical applications of ABO genotyping in our area.

This study was conducted in order to determine the major ABO alleles' and genotypes' frequencies in a Palestinian population residing in Gaza Strip.

A four separate–reaction multiplex allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) was used to determine the ABO genotypes of 201 unrelated subjects whose DNA, extracted from peripheral blood, was subjected to genotyping.

The study revealed the following genotypes:  A1A1 (n=3), A1O 1 (n=24), A1O2 (n=25), A1A2 (n=4), A2A2 (n=2), A2O1 (n=13), A2O2 (n=2), B1B1 (n=5), B1O1 (n=26), B1O2 (n=14), A1B (n=11), A2B (n=4) , O1O1 (n=31) , O1O2 (n=26) and O2O2 (n=11), from which the deduced phenotypes were: A (n=73), B (n=45), AB (n=15) and O (n=68). The frequencies of the A1 , A2 , B1, O1, O2alleles were: 0. 174, 0.067, 0.162, 0.376 and 0.221, respectively. 

There was no deviation between genotype-derived phenotypes results and serologically determined phenotypes. Additionally, the genotype distribution was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

ABO genotyping must be considered when determining ABO phenotypes, in blood transfusion, tissue/organ transplantation, blood typing discrepancies and forensic/paternity testing investigations.

Author Biography

Fadel A. Sharif, Islamic University of Gaza

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences

Professor of Molecular Biology

References

Watkins, W. Biochemistry and genetics of the ABO, Lewis, and P blood group systems. In: Harris H, Hirschhorn K, eds. Advances in Human Genetics Vol. 10. New York: Plenum Press:1–136,(1981).

Larsen, R., Ernst, L., Nair, R., Lowe, J. Molecular cloning, sequence, and expression of a human GDP-L-fucose : β-D-galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase cDNA that can form the H blood group antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA; 87(17): 6674-6678, (1990).

Yamamoto, F., Hakomori, S. Sugar-nucleotide donor specificity of histo-blood group A and B transferases is based on amino acid substitution. J Biol Chem; 265 (31): 19257-19262, (1990).

Bennett, E., Steffensen, R., Clausen, H., weghuis, D., Geurts van kessel A. Genomic cloning of the human histo-blood group and locus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun; 206 (1) : 318-325, (1995).

Watkins, W. The glycosyltransferase products of the A, B, H and Le genes and their relationship to the structure of the blood group antigens. In: Mohn JF, Plunkett RW, Cunningham RK, Lambert RM, eds. Human blood groups. Basel: S Karger; 134-42, (1977).

Hakomori, S. Blood group ABH and Ii antigens of human erythrocytes: chemistry, polymorphism and their developmental change. Sernin Hematol; 18:39-47, (1981).

Beattie, K.. Discrepancies in ABO grouping. In: A seminar on problems encountered in pretranfusion tests. Washington DC: American Association of Blood Banks;12965, (1972).

Yamamoto, F., McNeill, P., Hakomori, S. : Genomic organization of human histo blood group ABO genes. Glycobiology 5(1): 51- 58, (1995).

Mourant, A., Kopec, A. and Domaniewska, K. The Distribution of the Human Blood Groups and Other Polymorphisms. 2nd Edn. (1976), Oxford University Press, UK.

Ogasawara, K., Yabe, R., Uchikawa, M., Saitou, N., Bannai, M., Nakata, K. Molecular genetic analysis of variant phenotypes of the ABO blood group system. Blood; 88: 2732-2737, (1996).

Yamamoto, F., Clausen, H., White, T., Marken, J., Hakamori, S. Molecular genetic basis of the histoblood group system. Nature. 345:229-233, (1990).

Lutz, P., Dzik, W. Molecular biology of red cell blood group genes. Transfusion.; 32:467–83, (1992).

Yamamoto, F., McNei, P., Yamamoto, M., Hakomori, S., Bromilow, I. Duguid, K. Molecular genetic analysis of the ABO blood group system: 4. Another type of O allele. Vox Sang.; 64:175–178, (1993).

Grunnet, N., Steffensen, R., Benne,t E., Clausen, H. Evaluation of histo-blood group ABO genotyping in a Danish population: frequency of a novel O allele defined as O2. Vox Sang.; 67:210–215, (1994).

Yamamoto, F., McNeil,l P., Hakomori, S. Human histo-blood group A2 transferase coded by A2 allele, one of the A subtypes, is characterized by a single base deletion in the coding sequence, which results in an additional domain at the carboxyl terminal. Biochem Biophys Res Commun.; 187:366–374, (1992).

Sung, H., Geon, P., Young, G., Seung, G., Suhng, W. Rapid ABO Genotyping Using Whole Blood without DNA Purification. Korean J Lab Med; 29:231-7, (2009).

Yamamoto, F., Marken, J., Tsuji, T., White, T., Clausen, H., Hakomori, S.: Cloning and characterization of DNA complementary to human UDP-GalNAc: Fuc alpha 1----2Gal alpha 1----3GalNAc transferase (histo-blood group A transferase) mRNA. J Biol Chem. 265:1146-1151, (1990).

Nojavan M., Shamsasenjan K., Movassaghpour A.A., Akbarzadehlaleh P., Torabi S.E., Ghojazadeh M. Allelic Prevalence of ABO Blood Group Genes in Iranian Azari Population. Bioimpacts. 2(4): 207–212, (2012).

Tills, D., Kopec, A. and Tills, R. The distribution of the human blood groups and other polymorphisms, Suppl 1. New York, Oxford University Press, pp 335-40,(1983).

Irshaid, N., Ramadan, S., Wester, E., Olausson, P., Hellberg, A., Merza, J. Phenotype prediction by DNA –based typing of clinically significant blood group systems in Jordanian blood donors. Vox Sang, 83, 55-62,(2002).

Iyiola O.A., Igunnugbemi, O.O., Bello O.G. a Gene frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) blood group alleles in Lagos, South-West Nigeria. The Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics 13, 147–153, (2012).

El-Zawahri, M. , Luqmani, Y. Molecular genotyping and frequencies of A1, A2, B, O1 and O2 alleles of the ABO blood group system in a Kuwaiti population. International Journal of Hematology , Apr;87(3):303-9, (2008).

Cho, D., Kim, S., Jeon, M., Choi, K., Kee, S., Shin, M., Shin, J., Suh, S., Yazer, M. ,Ryang, D. . The serological and genetic basis of the Cis-AB blood group in Korea. Vox Sang, 87, 41-3, (2004).

Al-Arrayed, S., Shome, D., Hafadh, N., Amin, S., Al Mukhareq, H., Al Mulla, M. ABO blood group and Rhd phenotypes in Bahrain: Results of screening school children and blood donors. Bahrain Med Bull, 23, 112-5, (2001).

Bashwari, L., Al-Mulhim, A., Ahmad, M., Ahmed, M.. Frequency of ABO blood group in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J, 22, 1008-12, (2001).

Khalil, I., Phrykian, S. and Farri, A. Blood group distribution in Sudan. Gene Geogr: 3, 7-10, (1989).

Pearson S.L. and Hessner M.J. A1,2BO1,2 genotyping by allele-specific PCR. British Journal of Haematology, 100:229-234, (1998).

Downloads

Published

2013-12-13

How to Cite

Saqer, L. S., & Sharif, F. A. (2013). Allele and Genotype Frequencies of the ABO Blood Group System in a Palestinian Population. Asian Journal of Pharmacy, Nursing and Medical Sciences, 1(4). Retrieved from https://ajouronline.com/index.php/AJPNMS/article/view/453